本文介绍ubuntu系统中Nginx服务器的安装和配置，希望对于初学Nginx服务器相关的朋友有帮助，更多Nginx安装、配置、报错处理等资源请本站内搜索。。
1、安装ubuntu server 10.04或10.10，其中安装语言选的en，时区chongqing，服务只安装ssh，其他全部用默认就行。
提示：以上安装过程完成后，建议用其他计算机登录服务器，windows系统可以用putty，linux系统直接在终端用命令就可以：
ssh 登录名@服务器ip
因为以下过程得输入大量命令和代码，在客户机上直接粘贴即可（在windows下的putty中单击右键即可把剪贴板中的内容粘贴到终端）。
2、添加源：
sudo vi /etc/apt/sources.list
lucid(10.04)的源添加如下：
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ lucid main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ lucid-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ lucid-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ lucid-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ lucid main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ lucid-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ lucid-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ lucid-backports main restricted universe multiverse
maverick(10.10)的源：
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ maverick main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ maverick-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ maverick-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ maverick-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ maverick-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ maverick main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ maverick-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ maverick-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ maverick-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ maverick-backports main restricted universe multiverse
3、更新
sudo apt-get update
4、安装网站系统
sudo apt-get install mysql-server mysql-client nginx php5-cgi php5-mysql php5-curl php5-gd php5-idn php-pear php5-imagick php5-imap php5-mcrypt php5-memcache php5-common php5-ming php5-pspell php5-recode php5-snmp php5-tidy php5-xmlrpc php5-sqlite php5-xsl spawn-fcgi phpmyadmin
5、设置开机启动fastcgi进程
sudo vi /etc/rc.local
在exit 0这一行前面添加下一行
/usr/bin/spawn-fcgi -a 127.0.0.1 -p 9000 -u www-data -g www-data -f /usr/bin/php5-cgi -C 4 -P /var/run/fastcgi-php.pid
6、创建网站、日志目录及phpmyadmin的链接(我的网站个人目录是ubuntu，以下命令用你的个人目录替换其中的ubuntu即可)
mkdir /home/ubuntu/www
mkdir /home/ubuntu/log
ln -s /usr/share/phpmyadmin /home/ubuntu/www/phpmyadmin
注：源安装phpmyadmin后，默认安装在/usr/share/phpmyadmin/目录中，得做一个链接到网站目录。
7、配置nginx
sudo vi /etc/nginx/nginx.conf user www-data;
worker_processes 2;
error_log /dev/null crit;
pid /var/run/nginx.pid;
events {
worker_connections 3000; http {
autoindex on;
autoindex_exact_size off;
autoindex_localtime on;
include /etc/nginx/mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
sendfile on;
tcp_nopush on;
tcp_nodelay on;
keepalive_timeout 10;
gzip on;
gzip_min_length 1k;
gzip_buffers 4 8k;
gzip_http_version 1.1;
gzip_comp_level 3;
gzip_types text/css text/xml text/plain application/x-javascript application/xml application/pdf application/x-perl application/x-tcl application/msword application/rtf application/vnd.ms-excel application/vnd.ms-powerpoint application/vnd.wap.xhtml+xml image/x-ms-bmp;
gzip_disable "MSIE [1-6] .";
gzip_vary on;
output_buffers 4 32k;
client_max_body_size 20m;
server {
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
charset utf-8,gb2312;
access_log /home/ubuntu/log/access.log;
server_name_in_redirect off;
location / {
root /home/ubuntu/www;
index index.html index.htm index.php; location ~ .php$ {
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
set $path_info "/";
set $real_script_name $fastcgi_script_name;
if ($fastcgi_script_name ~ "^(.+?.php)(/.+)$") {
set $real_script_name $1;
set $path_info $2; }
location ~ .*.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf|js|css|ico)$ {
root /home/ubuntu/www;
access_log off;
expires 30d; error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root /home/ubuntu/www; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /home/ubuntu/www/$real_script_name;
fastcgi_param path_info $path_info;
include /etc/nginx/fastcgi_params; }
8、下载并安装eaccelerator（），最新版：Release-0.9.6.1 - 2010/05/31 。
sudo apt-get install php5-dev
wget http://bart.eaccelerator.net/source/0.9.6.1/eaccelerator-0.9.6.1.tar.bz2 //下载
tar xvjf eaccelerator-0.9.6.1.tar.bz2 //解压
cd eaccelerator-0.9.6.1
mkdir /tmp/eaccelerator //创建缓存目录
chmod 0777 /tmp/eaccelerator //设置为可读写
cp control.php /home/ubuntu/www/control.php //复制控制程序到网站目录，通过http://网站名/control.php访问，默认帐号为admin，密码为eAccelertor，可编辑此文件修改。
phpize
sudo ./configure --enable-eaccelerator=shared
sudo make
sudo make install
sudo vi /etc/php5/cgi/php.ini
zend_extension="/usr/lib/php5/20090626+lfs/eaccelerator.so"
eaccelerator.shm_size="16"
eaccelerator.cache_dir="/tmp/eaccelerator"
eaccelerator.enable="1"
eaccelerator.optimizer="1"
eaccelerator.check_mtime="1"
eaccelerator.debug="0"
eaccelerator.filter=""
eaccelerator.shm_max="0"
eaccelerator.shm_ttl="0"
eaccelerator.shm_prune_period="0"
eaccelerator.shm_only="0"
eaccelerator.compress="1"
eaccelerator.compress_level="9"
eaccelerator.allowed_admin_path="/home/ubuntu/www/control.php"
9、修复nginx＋php出现的重大漏洞、修改上传文件大小（可以看你自己的情况）
sudo vi /etc/php5/cgi/php.ini
cgi.fix_pathinfo = 0 //修复漏洞
upload_max_filesize = 2M改为5M //修改上传文件大小
10、设定防火墙
sudo ufw enable
sudo ufw default deny
sudo ufw allow 80
sudo ufw allow 22
11、重启系统、上传文件、导入mysql数据
文件上传建议用filezilla（），免费的开源ftp软件，windows和linux都可以用，支持ssh的22端口。
13、网站建立成功！试试吧！附：系统及部分软件管理操作
1、操作系统：
sudo shutdown -r now //重启系统
sudo halt //关闭系统
2、nginx配置修改及生效：
sudo vi /etc/nginx/nginx.conf //修改配置
sudo /etc/init.d/nginx restart //重启nginx
3、php配置修改及生效：
sudo vi /etc/php5/cgi/php.ini //修改配置
sudo pkill php5-cgi //杀死进程
sudo /usr/bin/spawn-fcgi -a 127.0.0.1 -p 9000 -u www-data -g www-data -f /usr/bin/php5-cgi -C 4 -P /var/run/fastcgi-php.pid //启动fastcgi进程
3、phpmyadmin管理mysql数据：
http://你的网站/phpmyadmin/
4、eaccelerator管理：
http://你的网站/control.php
5、Discuz7.2后台启动 URL静态化，会提示 404 Not Found的解决办法：
在niginx中开启Rewrite,在服务器配置文件nignx.conf中写入以下内容，然后重启nginx。
rewrite ^/archiver/((fid|tid)-[w-]+.html)$ /archiver/index.php?$1 last;
rewrite ^/forum-([0-9]+)-([0-9]+).html$ /forumdisplay.php?fid=$1&page=$2 last;
rewrite ^/thread-([0-9]+)-([0-9]+)-([0-9]+).html$ /viewthread.php?tid=$1&extra=page=$3&page=$2 last;
rewrite ^/space-(username|uid)-(.+).html$ /space.php?$1=$2 last;
rewrite ^/tag-(.+).html$ /tag.php?name=$1 last;
break;
注意你的论坛地址，如论坛目录为/bbs/，则上面的代码改为：
rewrite ^/bbs/archiver/((fid|tid)-[w-]+.html)$ /bbs/archiver/index.php?$1 last;
rewrite ^/bbs/forum-([0-9]+)-([0-9]+).html$ /bbs/forumdisplay.php?fid=$1&page=$2 last;
rewrite ^/bbs/thread-([0-9]+)-([0-9]+)-([0-9]+).html$ /bbs/viewthread.php?tid=$1&extra=page=$3&page=$2 last;
rewrite ^/bbs/space-(username|uid)-(.+).html$ /bbs/space.php?$1=$2 last;
rewrite ^/bbs/tag-(.+).html$ /bbs/tag.php?name=$1 last;
break;
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