该篇讲述Linux系统下安装PHPcgi的的详细过程，希望对于初学Nginx服务器相关的朋友有帮助，更多Nginx安装、配置、报错处理等资源请本站内搜索。。
一，什么是nginx，它有什么优点
Nginx ("engine x") 是一个高性能的 HTTP 和 反向代理 服务器，也是一个 IMAP/POP3/SMTP 代理服务器。
Nginx 是一个很牛的高性能Web和反向代理服务器, 它具有有很多非常优越的特性:
在高连接并发的情况下，Nginx是Apache服务器不错的替代品: Nginx在美国是做虚拟主机生意的老板们经常选择的软件平台之一. 能够支持高达 50,000 个并发连接数的响应, 感谢Nginx为我们选择了 epoll and kqueue作为开发模型.
Nginx作为负载均衡服务器: Nginx 既可以在内部直接支持 Rails 和 PHP 程序对外进行服务, 也可以支持作为 HTTP代理服务器对外进行服务. Nginx采用C进行编写, 不论是系统资源开销还是CPU使用效率都比 Perlbal 要好很多.
作为邮件代理服务器: Nginx 同时也是一个非常优秀的邮件代理服务器（最早开发这个产品的目的之一也是作为邮件代理服务器）, Last.fm 描述了成功并且美妙的使用经验.
Nginx 是一个 安装非常的简单 , 配置文件 非常简洁（还能够支持perl语法）, Bugs非常少的服务器: Nginx 启动特别容易, 并且几乎可以做到7*24不间断运行，即使运行数个月也不需要重新启动. 你还能够 不间断服务的情况下进行软件版本的升级.
二，安装所要软件
wget http://sysoev.ru/nginx/nginx-0.8.15.tar.gz
wget ftp://ftp.csx.cam.ac.uk/pub/software/programming/pcre/pcre-7.9.tar.gz
wget http://museum.php.net/php5/php-5.2.6.tar.gz
三、安装PHP 5.2.6（FastCGI模式）
安装php的时候，需要安装支持php的一些库，不过一般情况，装好linux系统时，这些库基本上都装好，所以支持php安装的软件，就在这儿不说了。如果make && make install时提示出错时，你可以看一下缺少什么，你就装什么。
tar zxvf php-5.2.6.tar.gz
cd php-5.2.6/
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-zlib-dir --with-freetype-dir=/usr --with-jpeg-dir=/usr --with-png-dir=/usr --enable-gd-native-ttf --with-gd --enable-ftp --with-iconv --with-gettext --with-curl --enable-fastcgi --with-openssl
make && make install
cd /usr/local/php/lib
cp php.ini-dist php.ini
cp /usr/local/php/bin/php /usr/bin/php-cgi
1，修改php.ini
nano php.ini 按f6然后输入extension_dir
查找/usr/local/php/etc/php.ini中的extension_dir = "./"
修改为extension_dir = "/usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/"
2，启动php-cgi
/usr/local/bin/spawn-fcgi -a 127.0.0.1 -p 9000 -C 5 -f /usr/bin/php-cgi
nginx配置文件中的 fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; 就是根据上面来的
3，查看一下
[[email protected] www]$ ps -e|grep php-cgi
3737 ? 00:00:00 php-cgi
3738 ? 00:00:03 php-cgi
3739 ? 00:00:03 php-cgi
3740 ? 00:00:04 php-cgi
3741 ? 00:00:03 php-cgi
3742 ? 00:00:03 php-cgi
四，安装nginx
tar zxvf nginx-0.8.35.tar.gz
cd nginx-0.8.35/
./configure --user=zhangy --group=users --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-pcre=/usr/local/pcre
make && make install
1,配置nginx.conf
nano /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
user zhangy users;
worker_processes 10;
error_log /var/vlogs/nginx_error.log crit;
pid /var/vlogs/nginx.pid;
#Specifies the value for maximum file descriptors that can be opened by this process.
worker_rlimit_nofile 65535;
events
{
use epoll;
worker_connections 65535;
}
http
{
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
#charset gb2312;
server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;
client_header_buffer_size 32k;
large_client_header_buffers 4 32k;
client_max_body_size 8m;
sendfile on;
tcp_nopush on;
keepalive_timeout 60;
tcp_nodelay on;
fastcgi_connect_timeout 300;
fastcgi_send_timeout 300;
fastcgi_read_timeout 300;
fastcgi_buffer_size 64k;
fastcgi_buffers 4 64k;
fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 128k;
fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 128k;
gzip on;
gzip_min_length 1k;
gzip_buffers 4 16k;
gzip_http_version 1.0;
gzip_comp_level 2;
gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml;
gzip_vary on;
#limit_zone crawler $binary_remote_addr 10m;
upstream 127.0.0.1:1081 { server 127.0.0.1:1081; }
upstream localhost:1080 { server 127.0.0.1:1080; }
server
{
listen 10000;
server_name :10000;
index index.html index.htm index.php;
root /home/zhangy/www/metbee/trunk/src/web;
#limit_conn crawler 20;
location ~ .*.(php|php5)?$
{
proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:1081;
break;
#fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php-cgi.sock;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
include fastcgi.conf;
}
# location /main {
# proxy_pass http://fast_test;
# break;
# }
location ~ .*.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf)$
{
expires 30d;
}
location ~ .*.(js|css)?$
{
expires 1h;
}
log_format access '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
'"$http_user_agent" $http_x_forwarded_for';
access_log /var/log/metbee.log access;
}
server
{
listen 80;
server_name :80;
index index.html index.htm blog/index.php;
root /home/zhangy/www;
location /test {
proxy_pass http://localhost:1080;
break;
}
# location ~ .*.(php|php5|html)?$
# location ~ .*
# {
if (!-e $request_filename){
rewrite ^/tag/(.*) /blog/index.php?tag=$1 last;
rewrite ^/page/(d+)$ /blog/index.php?paged=$1 last;
rewrite ^/(.*)/(d+).html /blog/index.php?p=$2 last;
rewrite ^/category/(.*) /blog/index.php?category_name=$1 last;
# rewrite ^/date/([0-9]{4,4})/([0-9]{1,2})?$ /blog/index.php?year=$1&monthnum=$2&page=$3 last;
# rewrite ^/date/([0-9]{4,4})/([0-9]{1,2})?$ /blog/index.php?m=$1$2 last;
rewrite ^/newpage(d+)$ /blog/index.php?page_id=$1 last;
rewrite ^/feed$ /blog/index.php?feed=rss2 last;
rewrite ^/comment/feed$ /blog/index.php?feed=comment-rss2 last;
rewrite http://blog.51yip.com$ http://blog.51yip.com/blog/index.php redirect;
}
location ~ .*.(php|php5)?$
{
#fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php-cgi.sock;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
include fastcgi.conf;
}
log_format wwwlogs '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
'"$http_user_agent" $http_x_forwarded_for';
access_log /var/log/wwwlogs.log wwwlogs;
}
server
{
listen 10001;
server_name :10001;
index index.html index.htm index.php;
root /mnt/song/fastfds2/data;
location ~ .*.(php|php5)?$
{
#fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php-cgi.sock;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
include fastcgi.conf;
}
location ~ .*.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf)$
{
expires 30d;
}
log_format imagelogs '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
'"$http_user_agent" $http_x_forwarded_for';
access_log /var/log/imagelogs.log imagelogs;
}
server
{
listen 11211;
server_name :11211;
location / {
stub_status on;
access_log off;
}
}
}
2，fastcgi.conf
cd /usr/local/nginx/conf
nano /usr/local/nginx/conf/fastcgi.conf
fastcgi_param GATEWAY_INTERFACE CGI/1.1;
fastcgi_param SERVER_SOFTWARE nginx;
fastcgi_param QUERY_STRING $query_string;
fastcgi_param REQUEST_METHOD $request_method;
fastcgi_param CONTENT_TYPE $content_type;
fastcgi_param CONTENT_LENGTH $content_length;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_NAME $fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param REQUEST_URI $request_uri;
fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_URI $document_uri;
fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_ROOT $document_root;
fastcgi_param SERVER_PROTOCOL $server_protocol;
fastcgi_param REMOTE_ADDR $remote_addr;
fastcgi_param REMOTE_PORT $remote_port;
fastcgi_param SERVER_ADDR $server_addr;
fastcgi_param SERVER_PORT $server_port;
fastcgi_param SERVER_NAME $server_name;
# PHP only, required if PHP was built with --enable-force-cgi-redirect
fastcgi_param REDIRECT_STATUS 200;
3，优化linux内核参数
nano /etc/sysctl.conf
在末尾加上下面的东东
net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 65536
net.core.netdev_max_backlog = 32768
net.core.somaxconn = 32768
net.core.wmem_default = 8388608
net.core.rmem_default = 8388608
net.core.rmem_max = 16777216
net.core.wmem_max = 16777216
net.ipv4.tcp_timestamps = 0
net.ipv4.tcp_synack_retries = 2
net.ipv4.tcp_syn_retries = 2
net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle = 1
#net.ipv4.tcp_tw_len = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_mem = 94500000 915000000 927000000
net.ipv4.tcp_max_orphans = 3276800
#net.ipv4.tcp_fin_timeout = 30
#net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_time = 120
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65535
4,启动nginx
ulimit -SHn 65535
/usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx
5,查看启动
[[email protected] www]$ ps -e|grep nginx
4070 ? 00:00:00 nginx
4071 ? 00:00:00 nginx
4072 ? 00:00:00 nginx
4073 ? 00:00:00 nginx
4074 ? 00:00:00 nginx
4075 ? 00:00:00 nginx
4076 ? 00:00:00 nginx
4077 ? 00:00:00 nginx
4078 ? 00:00:00 nginx
4079 ? 00:00:00 nginx
五，开机启动
nano /etc/rc.local
ulimit -SHn 65535
/usr/local/bin/spawn-fcgi -a 127.0.0.1 -p 9000 -C 5 -f /usr/bin/php-cgi
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
nginx fastcgi
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